研究興趣
東亞大陸空氣污染物及台灣地區背景空氣品質之長期變遷趨勢 東亞大陸(尤其是華東及華北)是世界上主要的空氣污染物排放地區之一，這些空氣污染物可隨著大氣環流溢出至大陸的外圍並對其下風區的大氣組成及空氣品質造成衝擊。台灣位處東亞冬季季風的下風區，也因而無可避免地受到東亞空氣污染傳輸的影響。為了掌握大氣環境變遷的證據及趨勢，長期觀測台灣背景環境的大氣組成是值得我們持續付出的重要工作。
臭氧及氣膠的生成、轉化、傳輸及相關之空氣污染防制策略 無論是在台灣或是世界上多數的都市中，細懸浮微粒 (PM2.5) 和臭氧(O3) 都是主要的空氣污染物。制訂有效的空氣污染防制策略是都市環境治理的重大挑戰，由於臭氧和大部分的PM2.5都是“二次空氣污染物”，亦即是由前驅的污染氣體在空氣中經由一連串複雜的大氣物理化學反應所產生，深入研究相關的物理化學過程將可以提供制訂防制策略所需的科學基礎。
代表著作
Chou, C. C.-K.*, Lung, S.-C. C., Hsiao, T.-C., Lee, C.-T. (2022). Regional and Urban Air Quality in East Asia: Taiwan. In: Akimoto, H., Tanimoto, H. (eds) Handbook of Air Quality and Climate Change. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2527-8_71-1.
Salvador, C. M., Chou, C. C.-K.*, Ho, T.-T., Ku, I-T., Tsai, C.-Y., Tsao, T.-M., Tsai, M.-J., Su, T.-C. (2022). Extensive urban air pollution footprint evidenced by submicron organic aerosols molecular composition. npj Clim Atmos Sci, 5, 96. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-022-00314-x
Jhang S.-R., Chen, Y.-Y., Shiau, Y.-J., Lee, C.-W., Chen, W.-N., Chang, C.-C., Chiang, C.-F., Guo, H.-Y., Wang, P.-K., Chou, C. C.-K.* (2022). Denitrifiers and nitrous oxide emissions from a subtropical vegetable cropland. ACS Earth and Space Chemistry, Article ASAP, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.2c00106
Jung, C.-C., Chou, C. C.-K.*, Huang, Y.-T., Chang, S.-Y., Lee, C.-T., Lin, C.-Y., Cheung, H.-C., Kuo, W.-C., Chang, C.-W., Chang, S.-C. (2022). Isotopic signatures and source apportionment of Pb in ambient PM2.5. Scientific Reports,12,4343. https://doi.org/10.1038/S41598-022-08096-1
Salvador, C. M., Chou, C. C.-K.*, Cheung, H.-C., Ho, T.-T., Tsai, C.-Y., Tsao, T. -M., Tsai, M.-J., Su, T.-C. (2020). Measurements of submicron organonitrate particles: Implications for the impacts of NOx pollution in a subtropical forest. Atmospheric Research, 245, 105080. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.105080
Cheung, H. C., Chou, C. C.-K.*, Lee, C. S. L., Kuo, W.-C., Chang, S.-C. (2020). Hygroscopic properties and cloud condensation nuclei activity of atmospheric aerosols under the influences of Asian continental outflow and new particle formation at a coastal site in eastern Asia. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 5911–5922. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5911-2020
Droste, E. S., Adcock, K. E., Ashfold, M. J., Chou, C. C.-K., Fleming, Z., Fraser, P. J., Gooch, L. J., Hind, A. J., Langenfelds, R. L., Leedham Elvidge, E., Mohd Hanif, N., O'Doherty, S., Oram, D. E., Ou-Yang, C.-F., Panagi, M., Reeves, C. E., Sturges, W. T., and Laube, J. C. (2020). Trends and emissions of six perfluorocarbons in the northern hemisphere and southern hemisphere. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 4787–4807, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4787-2020.
Adcock, K. E.*, Ashfold, M. J., Chou, C. C.-K., Gooch, L. J., Hanif, N., Laube, J. C., Oram, D. E., .Ou-Yang, C.-F., Panagi, M., Surges, W. T., Reeves, C. E. (2020). Investigation of East Asian Emissions of CFC-11 Using Atmospheric Observations in Taiwan. Environmental Science & Technology, 54, 3814-3822. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.9b06433
Lee, C. S. L., Chou, C. C.-K.*, Cheung, H. C., Tsai, C.-Y., Huang, W.-R., Huang, S.-H., Chen, M.-J., Liao, H.-T., Wu, C.-F., Tsao, T.-M., Tsai, M.-J., Su, T.-C. (2019). Seasonal variation of chemical characteristics of fine particulate matter at a high-elevation subtropical forest in East Asia. Environmental Pollution, 246, 668-677. DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2018.11.033.
Jung, C.-C., Chou, C. C.-K.*, Lin, C.-Y., Shen, C.-C., Lin, Y.-C., Huang, Y.-T., Tsai, C.-Y., Yao, P.-H., Huang, C.-R., Huang, W.-R., Chen, M.-J., Huang, S.-H., Chang, S.-C. (2019). C-Sr-Pb isotopic characteristics of PM2.5 transported on the East-Asian continental outflows. Atmos. Res., 223, 88-97. DOI: 10.1016/J.ATMOSRES.2019.03.011.
Chou, C. C.-K.*, Hsu, W.-C., Chang, S.-Y., Chen, W.-N., Chen, M.-J., Huang, W.-R., Huang, S.-H., Tsai, C.-Y., Chang, S.-C., Lee, C.-T., Liu, S.-C. (2017). Seasonality of the mass concentration and chemical composition of aerosols around an urbanized basin in East Asia. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 122, doi:10.1002/ 2016JD025728
Salvador, C. M., Ho, T.-T., Chou, C. C.-K.*, Chen, M.-J., Huang, W.-R., Huang, S.-H. (2016). Characterization of the organic matter in submicron urban aerosols using a Thermo-Desorption Proton-Transfer-Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (TD-PTR-TOF-MS). Atmos. Environ., 140, 565-575. DOI: 10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2016.06.029
Cheung, H. C., Chou, C. C.-K.*, Chen, M.-J., Huang, W.-R., Huang, S.-H., Tsai, C.-Y., Lee, C. S. L. (2016). Seasonal variations of ultra-fine and submicron aerosols in Taipei, Taiwan: implications for particle formation processes in a subtropical urban area. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 1317-1330. DOI: 10.5194/ACP-16-1317-2016
Salvador, C. M. and Chou, C. C.-K.* (2014). Analysis of semi-volatile materials (SVM) in fine particulate matter. Atmos. Environ., 95, 288-295.
Cheung, H. C., Chou, C. C.-K.*, Huang, W.-R., and Tsai, C.-Y. (2013). Characterization of ultrafine particle number concentration and new particle formation in urban environment of Taipei, Taiwan. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 8935-8946. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-8935-2013.
Lin, C.-Y.*, Chou, C. C.-K., Wang, Z., Lung, S.-C., Lee, C.-T., Yuan, C.-S., Chen, W.-N., Chang, S.-Y., Hsu, S.-C., Chen, W.-C., Liu, S. C. (2012). Impact of different transport mechanisms of Asian dust and anthropogenic pollutants to Taiwan. Atmos. Environ., 60, 403-418.
Chou, C. C.-K.*, Tsai, C.-Y., Chang, C.-C., Lin, P.-H., Liu, S. C., Zhu, T. (2011). Photochemical production of ozone in Beijing during the 2008 Olympic Games. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 9825-9837. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-9825-2011.
Chou, C. C.-K.*, Lee, C. T., Cheng, M. T., Yuan, C. S., Chen, S. J., Wu, Y. L., Hsu, W. C., Lung, S. C., Hsu, S. C., Lin, C. Y., Liu, S. C. (2010). Seasonal variations and spatial distribution of carbonaceous aerosols in Taiwan, Atmos. Chem. Phys, 10, 9563–9578. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-9563-2010.
Lu, K., Zhang, Y., Su, H., Brauers, T., Chou, C. C.-K., Hofzumahaus, A., Liu, S. C., Kondo, Y, Shao, M., Wahner, A., Wang, J., Wang, X., Zhu, T.* (2010). Oxidant (O3 + NO2) production processes and formation regimes in Beijing, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D07303, doi:10.1029/2009JD012714.
Chou, C. C.-K.*, Tsai, C.-Y., Shiu, C. J., Liu, S. C., Zhu, T. (2009). Measurement of NOy during Campaign of Air Quality Research in Beijing 2006 (CAREBeijing-2006): Implications for the ozone production efficiency of NOx, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D00G01, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JD010446
Chou, C. C.-K.*, Lee, C.-T., Yuan, C. S., Hsu, W. C., Hsu, S. C., Liu, S. C. (2008). Implications of the chemical transformation of Asian outflow aerosols for the long-range transport of inorganic nitrogen species. Atmospheric Environment, 42, 7508-7519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.05.049.
Chou, C. C.-K.*, Lee, C.-T., Chen, W.-N., Chang, S.-Y., Chen, T.-K., Lin, C.-Y., Chen, J.-P. (2007). Lidar observations of the diurnal variations in the depth of urban mixing layer: A case study on the air quality deterioration in Taipei, Taiwan. Science of the Total Environment, 374, 156-166.
Chou, C. C.-K.*, Liu, S. C., Lin, C.-Y., Shiu, C.-J., Chang, K.-H. (2006), The trend of surface ozone in Taipei, Taiwan, and its causes: implications for ozone control strategies. Atmospheric Environment, 40, 3898-3908. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.02.018.
Chou, C. C.-K.*, Chen, W. N., Chang, S. Y., Chen, T. K., Huang, S. H. (2005). Specific absorption cross-section and elemental carbon content of urban aerosols. Geophysical Research Letters, 32, L21808, doi:10.1029/2005GL024301.
Chou, C. C.-K.*, Huang, S.-H., Chen, T.-K., Lin, C.-Y., Wang, L.-C. (2005). Size segregated characterization of atmospheric aerosols in Taipei during Asian outflow episodes. Atmospheric Research, 75, 89-109.
Chou, C. C.-K.*, Lin, C.-Y., Chen, T.-K., Hsu, S.-C., Lung, S.-C., Liu, S. C., Young, C.-Y. (2004). Influence of long-range transported dust particles on local air quality: A case study on the Asian dust episodes in Taipei during the spring of 2002. Terrestrial Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 15, 881-899.
Chou, C. C.-K.*, Chen, T.-K., Huang, S.-H., Liu, S. C. (2003). Radiative Absorption Capability of Asian Dust with Black Carbon Contamination. Geophysical Research Letters, 30: 1616-1619, doi:10.1029/2003GL017076.
重要研究與突破
富貴角大氣氣膠吸濕性質及雲凝結核活性的季節變異及影響因子(Cheung et al., Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 5911–5922, 2020) 本研究在富貴角研究站調查大氣氣膠(PM2.5)的化學組成、吸濕特性、以及雲凝結核活性的季節變化。研究結果發現：在冬季季風影響期間，氣膠組成中含有較高濃度的無機鹽類(海鹽、硫酸鹽)，因而具有較高的吸濕性，並增加了雲凝結核的活性；反之，在夏季期間，富貴角主要接受源自台灣都市的空氣污染，有機氣膠含量較高，雲凝結核的活性較低。此項結果顯示源自中國大陸的氣膠具有較高的親水性，因而可能經由與雲的交互作用而對區域氣候有較大的影響。本研究並發現夏季期間在富貴角常可觀測到”新微粒生成”，顯示氣體轉化成微粒的物理化學反應在台灣北部濱海地區十分旺盛，對區域氣膠的濃度和物理化學性質都可能有重要的影響。
溪頭林區細懸浮微粒化學特徵的季節變化(Lee et al., Environmental Pollution, 246, 668-677, 2019) 本研究調查都市空氣污染物的傳輸與其下風區森林環境中PM2.5物理化學特徵變異的關聯。研究結果發現：溪頭林區硫化物和氮化物的氧化程度都顯著高於都市地區，顯示氣態污染物(SO2, NOx)在向山區傳輸的過程有效地轉化為微粒態的硫酸鹽及硝酸鹽，推測溪頭地區的高濕度環境加強了空氣中的異相化學反應並促進硫酸鹽及硝酸鹽的生成。本研究結果顯示出山谷風環流對於將都市空氣污染物的足跡範圍擴及森林地區具有顯著效果，此項過程對於區域氣候變遷及森林生態功能之影響亟需更深入的研究。
台北盆地及外圍地區大氣氣膠質量濃度與化學組成調查研究(Chou et al., J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 122, 2026 – 2042, 2017) 本研究在2009年春季至2011年冬季期間，在台北盆地及周邊的三個研究站進行了為期三年的大氣氣膠調查研究，這三個研究站包括位在盆地內的台灣大學站、盆緣上的陽明山空品站、以及盆地外側的富貴角研究站，此次調查產出了三年間每日PM10和PM2.5的質量濃度和化學組成觀測數據，是深入研究都市空氣污染與此地區大氣組成變遷的重要科學資料。本研究的分析發現：大氣中的海鹽和沙塵微粒明顯受到硝酸氣的侵蝕，此項異質化學反應改變了區域氣膠的化學和微物理性質。
